[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/institut-manzelstvi\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/institut-manzelstvi\/","headline":"Institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed","name":"Institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed","description":"Institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed se vyv\u00edjel v\u00a0\u010dase, tak jako se vyv\u00edjela pr\u00e1va a postaven\u00ed mu\u017ee a \u017eeny ve spole\u010dnosti, a i to co bylo v\u00a0historii p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9, tak nemus\u00ed...","datePublished":"2021-11-18","dateModified":"2023-05-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dc285cbe86eecc8073f119fcb2e2c7032b51533f5bb47611c7d4a598558b8b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0dc285cbe86eecc8073f119fcb2e2c7032b51533f5bb47611c7d4a598558b8b7?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"barcelo.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/couple-g38a89a08d_1920.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/couple-g38a89a08d_1920.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/institut-manzelstvi\/","about":["Vztahy"],"wordCount":749,"articleBody":"Institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed se vyv\u00edjel v\u00a0\u010dase, tak jako se vyv\u00edjela pr\u00e1va a postaven\u00ed mu\u017ee a \u017eeny ve spole\u010dnosti, a i to co bylo v\u00a0historii p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9, tak nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti p\u0159ijateln\u00e9. P\u0159itom r\u016fzn\u00fd pohled, zvyky a postaven\u00ed snoubenc\u016f je v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch odli\u0161n\u00e9. Man\u017eelstv\u00ed a rodina je produkt historick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje a vznikly a\u017e v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy bylo v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it sou\u017eit\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti touto formou. Jedn\u00e1 se o historick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, ve kter\u00e9m se typ man\u017eelsk\u00e9ho sou\u017eit\u00ed neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edj\u00ed. P\u0159ed jeho zaveden\u00edm \u017eila lidsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost tis\u00edce let bez man\u017eelsk\u00e9 instituce. V\u00a0\u010dase se i m\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 funkce man\u017eelstv\u00ed a rodiny a v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch se tento v\u00fdvoj m\u016f\u017ee vyd\u00e1vat r\u016fzn\u00fdm sm\u011brem.\u00a0Lidsk\u00e1 reprodukce pro udr\u017een\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho rodu je nejstar\u0161\u00ed, ale zdaleka ne jedinou funkc\u00ed rodiny v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 kultu\u0159e. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u00faloh rodiny p\u0159ebral st\u00e1t. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edch pot\u0159eb senior\u016f ve form\u011b d\u016fchodu. To ovlivnilo dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj rodiny, ale ne ka\u017ed\u00e9 kultu\u0159e, proto\u017ee ne v\u0161ude tuto roli st\u00e1t p\u0159evzal. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed typ sou\u017eit\u00ed je skupinov\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Jeho vznik je spojov\u00e1n od doby vzniku rodov\u00e9ho sou\u017eit\u00ed. Jde o spole\u010dn\u00e9 obstar\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed potravy, obydl\u00ed a spole\u010dnou vz\u00e1jemnou ochranu, podporu. Prvn\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9 vztahy vznikaj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159\u00edbuznosti osob a spojen\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi a spole\u010densko-rodinn\u00fdmi pouty. Pro dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj man\u017eelstv\u00ed bylo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, kter\u00e9 tuto instituci d\u00e1le kultivovalo a vytv\u00e1\u0159elo pravidla na jejich\u017e z\u00e1kladech se stav\u00ed dodnes. Man\u017eelstv\u00ed s\u00a0pln\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi dopady bylo v\u00a0\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu mo\u017en\u00e9 uzav\u0159\u00edt pouze mezi dosp\u011bl\u00fdmi ob\u010dany. Za podm\u00ednek \u017ee snoubenci byli bez z\u00e1vazku v\u00a0jin\u00e9m man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Jednou ze z\u00e1sadn\u00edch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek pro uzav\u0159en\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed byla i pokrevn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuznost. N\u00e1stupem k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed za\u010dalo m\u00edt na institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd vliv n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Tento vliv se net\u00fdk\u00e1 jen k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed a v\u00a0kultur\u00e1ch kde m\u00e1 jak\u00e9koliv n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed st\u00e1le siln\u00e9 postaven\u00ed je v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vliv c\u00edrkve na man\u017eelstv\u00ed dodnes. Katolick\u00e1 c\u00edrkev m\u00e1 \u0159adu dogmat, jako je Sv\u00e1tostn\u00e1 povaha man\u017eelstv\u00ed, nebo p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 monogamie a nerozlu\u010ditelnost man\u017eel\u016f po dobu jejich \u017eivota. Stejn\u011b tak dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed m\u00e1 \u0159adu sv\u00fdch z\u00e1vazn\u00fdch pravidel pro sou\u017eit\u00ed mu\u017e\u016f a \u017een. Dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdvojem si rodina a man\u017eelstv\u00ed pro\u0161lo v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce. Spole\u010dnost se v\u00a0tu dobu odkl\u00e1n\u00ed od feud\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du, kdy \u017een\u011b vyb\u00edral mu\u017ee otec a ona byla nucena poslu\u0161n\u011b tento z\u00e1vazek p\u0159ijmout. V\u00a0pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00a0nov\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed bur\u017eoazn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena nezadateln\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a rovnost v\u0161ech lid\u00ed p\u0159ed z\u00e1konem. Na man\u017eelstv\u00ed je p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eeno jako na smlouvu, kter\u00e1 zlep\u0161uje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed postaven\u00ed \u017een a d\u011bt\u00ed. Mu\u017e je povinen ke svoj\u00ed man\u017eelce ochranou a \u017eena sv\u00e9mu mu\u017ei poslu\u0161nost\u00ed. I tento pohled na role mu\u017ee a \u017eeny v\u00a0man\u017eelstv\u00ed se postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed. Zm\u011bna p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed postupn\u011b a ovliv\u0148uje j\u00ed n\u011bkolik faktor\u016f. Nap\u0159ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed rovnopr\u00e1vn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed mu\u017ee a \u017eeny. \u017deny z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo a postupn\u011b dob\u00fdvaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dky rovnopr\u00e1vnosti. Spole\u010dnost bohatne a man\u017eel\u00e9 na sob\u011b p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed b\u00fdt finan\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00ed. Zrovnopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed mu\u017ee a \u017eeny ve v\u0161ech oblastech \u017eivota sebou nese dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny ve v\u00fdvoji man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Mu\u017e ji\u017e nen\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n, jako ten nezbytn\u00fd ochr\u00e1nce \u017eeny a d\u011bt\u00ed, ale jako partner \u017eeny disponuj\u00edc\u00ed stejn\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vy a postaven\u00edm. Co\u017e vedlo ke r\u016fstu po\u010dtu rozvod\u016f, proto\u017ee \u017eena ji\u017e nen\u00ed nucena setrv\u00e1vat v\u00a0man\u017eelstv\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m nen\u00ed \u0161\u0165astn\u00e1. O d\u011bti se zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 postarat i bez mu\u017ee.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.9\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Institut man\u017eelstv\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.barcelo.cz\/institut-manzelstvi\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]